img

Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Bidens

ko‘oko‘olau, ko‘olau, koʻokoʻolau [kookoolau]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Erect, suffrutescent perennial herbs

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves pinnately compound or simple. Opposite. Blades lanceolate or ovate Apex acuminate. Margins serrate/dentate.

Flowers:

Fruit: Fruit a simple; dry; achene (cypsela)

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Unknown
Molokai Unknown
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Unknown

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:279 (EM, WM); Faccenda, Arthur, et al. 2025:160 (H); Josh VanDeMark pers. comm. 2025 (H†, 1987)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hitchcock, A.S. 13057 Maui BISH 1916-09-24
2 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Common along steep valley wall with Euphorbia, Dodonaea, & Psidium guajava Preserved_Specimen Shrub to 3 ft ht, disc florets 8-14, ray florets 4, yellow, limb to 5 mm, 3 dentate to 3-lobed at apex. Achenes usually twisted, 1 mm wide Nagata, K.M. 1668 Maui BISH 1978-07-03
3 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 450 Maui BISH 1864-01-01
4 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On open ridge Preserved_Specimen Tephritid galls common on stems Montgomery, S.L. Maui BISH 1975-10-24
5 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 24 Maui BISH 1910-05-01
6 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros, Diospyros, Pleomele, Styphelia, Coprosma foliosa, Nestegis, Melicope volcanica, Dodonaea, Lysimachia remyi, Doodia kunthiana, Wikstroemia, Pittosporum, Lantana, Buddleja, Psychotria Preserved_Specimen 4' shrub; yellow flowers Perlman, S. 18984 Maui BISH 2004-05-26
7 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 434 Maui BISH 1916-09-26
8 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 602 Maui BISH 1916-09-26
9 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8200 Maui BISH 1910-08-25
10 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2286 Maui BISH 1920-05-09
11 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8144 Maui BISH 1910-08-01
12 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 994 Maui BISH 1909-08-01
13 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8144 Maui BISH 1910-08-01
14 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2269 Maui BISH 1920-05-08
15 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2282 Maui BISH 1920-05-09
16 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 997 Maui BISH 1909-08-01
17 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 280 Maui BISH 1851-01-01
18 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8144 Maui BISH 1910-08-01
19 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2286 Maui BISH 1920-05-09
20 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2441 Maui BISH 1920-05-21
21 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Gaudichaud-Beaupré, C. BISH 1817-01-01
22 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Nagata, K.M. 2290 Oahu BISH 1981-03-31
23 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Faurie, A. 997 Maui BISH 1909-08-01
24 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8144 Maui BISH 1910-08-01
25 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH 1870-01-01
26 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hughes, G.D. Maui BISH 1993-04-25
27 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Gaudichaud-Beaupré, C. BISH 1817-01-01
28 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 326 Maui BISH 1913-02-01
29 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 280 Maui BISH 1851-01-01
30 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8200 Maui BISH 1910-08-25
31 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mesic native shrub community with scattered ohia trees Preserved_Specimen Scrawny, 1-2 m tall Warshauer, F.R. 3084 Maui BISH 1980-08-17
32 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 450 Maui BISH 1864-01-01
33 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Maui BISH
34 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH
35 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Molokai BISH
36 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Extremely common on arid sloping sides Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2162 Maui BISH 1927-07-11
37 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Near stream bed where vegetation dominated by Aleurites moluccana and Lantana camara. Preserved_Specimen Small woody plant. Plants show signs of goat browsing. Corn, C. 368 Kauai BISH 1979-07-17
38 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details With Pipturus, Pisonia, Pritchardia glabrata, Heyotis formosa, Bidens micrantha, Lysimachia remyi, Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis, Pittosporum, Psychotria mauiensis, Cyanea elliptica, Melinis minutiflora, Cordyline fruticosa. Preserved_Specimen Small shrubs 1- 3 ft ht with fls and frut, fls yellow. Perlman, S. 19869 Maui BISH 2005-11-15
39 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 3128 Maui BISH 1980-08-25
40 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Slope of partly shaded gulch in rainy (ends at this) Preserved_Specimen 4-5 ft ht Degener, O. 22032 Maui BISH 1952-03-09
41 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros, Dicranopteris linearis, Cheirodendron trigynum, Remya mauiensis, Dodonaea viscosa, Psychotria, Myrsine lessertiana, Sadleria, Machaerina angustifolia, Freycinetia, Nestegis, Ilex, Lycopodium cernuum, Clermontia kakeana, Tetraplasandra, Pittosporum, Schinus Preserved_Specimen 4-8' shrub; flower yellow; fruit Perlman, S. 20585 Maui BISH 2007-10-04
42 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Headland above Papalaua gully with scrub Metrosideros and Dodonaea. Preserved_Specimen Medeiros, A.C. 539 Maui BISH 1983-09-27
43 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Alien vegetation; degraded Dodonaea viscoa shrubland with Prosopis pallida, Grevillea robusta, Lantana camara, Leucaena leucocephala, Rhyncelytrum repens, Censhrus ciliaris, Casuarina, Acacia farnesiana, Sida fallax, Heteropogon contortus, Achryanthes s Preserved_Specimen Shrubs 1 meter ht with yellow flower Perlman, S. 21657 Maui BISH 2009-05-21
44 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Among bushes Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 19776 Maui BISH 1949-08-07
45 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing on wet rocky cliffs. Cordyline/Psidium mesic forest with scattered native species, e.g. Hedyotis acuminata, Nototrichium sandwicense, Artemisia australis, Eragrostis, Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, Chamaesyce celastroides Preserved_Specimen Corolla yellow Wagner, W.L. 5840 Maui BISH 1988-03-06
46 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In Metrosideros-Styphelia-Dodonaea lowland dry shrubland with Gahnia gahniiformis, Bidens, Dicranopteris, Acacia koa, Eragrostis, Rhynchelytrum, Myoporum Preserved_Specimen With flowers Perlman, S. 10837 Maui BISH 1989-11-08
47 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In open, disturbed area. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Schinus, Psidium, Melinis, Sphenomeria, Pteris, Dodonaea, Psilotum, Carex, Alyxia. Preserved_Specimen Locally common shrubs to 1.5 m tall. Oppenheimer, H.L. 91004 Maui BISH 2010-09-01
48 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry shrublands under tall cliffs, afternoon sun. With M shrubs growing on open rock cliffs. Preserved_Specimen Petals yellow. only one individual seen. Incipient in this area. Ching-Harbin, S. 2022042501 Oahu BISH 2022-04-25
49 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Extremely common on arid sloping sides Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2162 Maui BISH 1927-07-11
50 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Arid windswept ridge Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2179 Maui BISH 1927-07-23
51 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In dense forest, in slight opening among ferns Preserved_Specimen Trailing and ascendant to 3 m Hobdy, R.W. 2119 Maui BISH 1984-06-30
52 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Ohia Mixed Mesic Forest. a crawling low shrub at 3900 ft under a canopy of Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Myrsine, Dubautia, Hedyotis with other groundcovers as Stenogyne, Peperomia spp. and Liparis Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 953 Maui BISH 1991-07-09
53 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Vegetation: Metrosideros, Dodonaea, Sophora, Sadleria, Myrsine, Nestegis, Microlepia, Vaccinium. Preserved_Specimen Unusually small flowers, which are midly but pleasantly fragrant in late afternoon and evening. Oppenheimer, H.L. 71105 Maui BISH 2011-07-13
54 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In open scrub of Styphelia, Osteomeles, guava, ferns Preserved_Specimen Pearsall, G.A. 72 Maui BISH 1955-12-31
55 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On wettish talus Preserved_Specimen 3-foliolate Degener, O. 23652 Maui BISH 1954-07-30
56 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details in gulch. Wet Forest: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Leptecophylla, Myrsine lessertiana, M. sandwicensis, Melicope clusiifolia, Ilex, Pipturus, Gunnera, Bidens, Cyanea scabra, C. macrostegia, Clermontia arborescens, C. grandiflora, Coprosma, Cyrtandra grayi, Lobelia gloriamontis, Vaccinium calycinum, Dicranopteris, Sticherus, Diplopterygium, Hoiokula, Diplazium, Cibotium, Adenophorus tamariscinus, Dryopteris wallichiana, D. glabra, D. unidentata Preserved_Specimen Scattered plants, very tall ~4m, sprawling Pezzillo, Z. 428 Maui BISH 2023-04-25
57 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Grassy slopes Preserved_Specimen 2-4 ft ht Degener, O. 19577 Maui BISH 1949-05-15
58 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In open grassland with Bidens menziesii Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2423 Maui BISH 1985-07-27
59 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Lowland Dry Shrubland at 2450 ft with Styphelia, Dodonaea, Eragrostis, Rhynchelytrum and Pteridium Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 1387 Maui BISH 1991-10-28
60 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirodendron wet forest, 8 - 12 m tall canopy, riparian w/ saturated talus & seeping, vertical basalt walls, steep Dicranopteris banks. Understory w/ Touchardia, Broussaisia, Coprosma pubescens, Boehmeria, Pipturus, Diplazium, Cyrtandra spp., Kadua spp., Cyanea scabra, Gunnera. Preserved_Specimen Above waterfall, 1.5 tall sub-shrub, fls terminal, uncommon. Wood, K.R. 13482 Maui BISH 2009-02-18
61 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Dodanaea, Kadua, Perrottetia, Coprosma, Cibotium, Sadleria, Ilex, Tetraplasandra, Pittosporum, Myrsine, Wikstroemia, Broussaisia, Dubautia, Freycinetia, Smilax, Dicranopteris, Clermontia, Scaevola, Christella, Alyxia, Peperomia, Carex, Elaphoglossum, Astelia, Sticherus, Diplopterygium. Preserved_Specimen Locally common, many branched shrubs to 2m tall. Flowers on lateral branches; achenes with hairs on margins at least on base in fresh material, but not apparent when dried. Oppenheimer, H.L. 61002 Maui BISH 2010-06-03
62 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On wettish talus Preserved_Specimen 4 ft ht Degener, O. 23650 Maui BISH 1954-07-30
63 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Arid windswept ridge Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2179 Maui BISH 1927-07-23
64 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In dense forest, in slight opening among ferns Preserved_Specimen Trailing and ascendant to 3 m Hobdy, R.W. 2119 Maui BISH 1984-06-30
65 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Grassy slopes Preserved_Specimen 2-4 ft ht Degener, O. 19577 Maui BISH 1949-05-15
66 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Extremely common on arid sloping sides Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2162 Maui BISH 1927-07-11
67 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros, Diospyros sandwicensis, Pleomele auwahiensis, Nestegis sandwicensis, Myrsine lanaiensis, Leptecophylla, Acacia koa, Dodonaea viscosa, Carex meyenii, Chamaesyce multiformis, Sida fallax, Wikstroemia oahuensis, Lantana camara, Erigeron karvinskianus, Melinis minutiflora, Ageratina adenophora, Opuntia Preserved_Specimen 2-4' shrub; flower yellow Perlman, S. 20467 Maui BISH 2007-06-25
68 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Arid, windswept ridge. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2179 Maui BISH 1927-07-23
69 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Arid windswept ridge Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2179 Maui BISH 1927-07-23
70 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Occasional on steep talus slopes. Vegetation: Diospyros, Nestegis, Metrosideros, Antidesma, Syzygium, Cordyline, Aleurites, Bobea, Nesoluma, Pleomele, Rauvolfia, Microlepia, Canavalia, Alyxia, Cocculus, Blechnum, Pneumatopteris, Lepisorus, Polypodium, Pittosporum, Adiantum, Lantana, Peperomia, Osteomeles, Chamaesyce, Leptecophylla, Sida, Charpentiera, Pisonia, Pipturus, Doryopteris, Artemisia. Preserved_Specimen Herbaceous, upright shrubs to 1.5m tall. Oppenheimer, H.L. 100822 Maui BISH 2008-10-21
71 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Vegetation: Metrosideros, Diospyros, Antidesma, Pisonia, Acacia, Coprosma, Myrsine, Aleurites, Cordyline, Lantana, Microlepia, Passiflora, Ipomoea, Psidium, Urera, Tectaria, Asplenium, Alyxia. Preserved_Specimen Locally common shrubs to 1.5 m tall. Flowering on terminal and lateral branches. Oppenheimer, H.L. 81005 Maui BISH 2010-08-24
72 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Lowland Koa Mesic Forest at 3250 ft on a ridge beneath a of canopy of 7- 8m Acacia koa, Psychotria, Dodonaea, Coprosma and Myrsine with a understory of native ferns, sedges and Liparis Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 949 Maui BISH 1991-07-09
73 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Sunny ledges Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 25108 Maui BISH 1959-03-27
74 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Emerging from mats of Dicranopteris linearis with Scaevola gaudichaudii (not S. gaudichaudiana), Styphelia, Dodonaea Preserved_Specimen Shrubby herb (lateral branches terminating in inflorescences), 4 ft tall Carlquist, S. 2383 Maui BISH 1967-03-14
75 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details small drainage, mixed mesic forest; Metrosideros polymorpha, Cheirodendron trigynum, Dodonaea viscosa, Nestegis sandwicensis, Hedyotis acuminata, Cyrtandra grayi, Melicope hawaiiense Preserved_Specimen 2 m shrub, lower stems 3 cm diam., gray; few branched; rays yellow Wood, K.R. 11952 Maui BISH 2006-06-22
76 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On wettish talus Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 23651 Maui BISH 1954-07-30
77 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Lowland Koa Mesic Forest at 3440 ft on a ridge beneath a canopy of 7- 8m Acacia koa, Psychotria, Dodonaea, Coprosma and Myrsine with a understory of native ferns, sedges and Liparis Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 1312 Maui BISH 1991-08-28
78 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 2 m in height Montgomery, S.L. Hawaii BISH 1987-07-18
79 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Side of stream among bushes Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 12404 Maui BISH 1939-08-28
80 Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2363 Maui BISH 1920-05-14
Back to Top